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Open Access
Palabras claves: Covid-19, trastornos
mentales, manifestaciones neurológicas,
psiquiátricas y psicológicas, SARS-CoV-2
ABSTRACT
The Covid-19 pandemic generated an
unprecedented series of crises worldwide
and aected various areas of life. One of the
greatest repercussions was in the
psychological eld, with a signicant
increase in cases of anxiety, stress and other
symptoms related to mental health. The
objecve of this research was to describe
the neurological, psychiatric and
psychological manifestaons of Covid-19.
An exhausve search was carried out in
dierent scienc search engines, including
systemac review arcles published in
indexed databases, observaonal studies,
among others. Arcles that did not meet the
necessary condions for this study were
excluded. The results of the invesgaon
revealed that Covid-19 had a signicant
impact on the mental and neurological
health of the populaon. There was an
increase in cases of anxiety, stress and other
related symptoms, such as nightmares,
irritability and emoonal hypersensivity, in
addion, various neurological and
psychiatric manifestaons associated with
the infecon were found, such as
cerebrovascular accidents, long-term
cognive impairment, anosmia, ageusia,
headache, sleep disorders, encephalopathy,
seizures and postviral syndrome of chronic
malaise. Uncertainty about the disease,
social isolaon, including older adults,
adolescents, children, and health personnel,
were among the most frequent causes of
psychological and neurological problems. It
is essenal that the populaon prepare
psychologically, perceive security and adopt
eecve social and health measures, in
addion, the long-term eects on the
neurological and psychiatric health
survivors require a comprehensive
evaluaon and adequate management. This
research provides important evidence for
understanding the scale and nature of
services needed to address these
subsequent complicaons.
Keywords: Covid-19, mental disordes,
neurological, psychiatric, and psychological
manifestaon, SARS-COV-2.
1. INTRODUCCIÓN
En diciembre 2019 La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) socializó la aparición
de varios casos de neumonía en China, confirmando que un nuevo coronavirus (SARS-
CoV-2) era el responsable de dicha infección respiratoria, que poco tiempo después
se la denominó la enfermedad Covid-19 (1). Para evitar la rápida propagación de este
virus, los gobiernos tomaron medidas contundentes, que incluyeron la prohibición de
viajes, el distanciamiento social, la cuarentena y el aislamiento social, con
restricciones para el desarrollo de las tareas acostumbradas, como trabajar, acudir a
la escuela, realizar actividades grupales (2).
A medida que la pandemia del coronavirus se extiende rápidamente por todo el
mundo generando considerable miedo y preocupación en la población en general y
en ciertos grupos en particular como adultos mayores, proveedores de atención y
personas con afecciones de salud subyacentes (3) (4). El exceso de información y los
rumores infundados hizo que las personas se sientan sin control y claridad que hacer.
Por esta razón, la población comenzó a manifestar estrés, ansiedad, miedo,
percepciones distorsionadas de riesgo incertidumbre, tristeza, y soledad, aumento de